Consumer Affairs

How to Protect Yourself From Credit Card Theft

Emily Guy Birken — Sat, 07 Nov 2020 22:45:33 +0000

Last fall, I received an email that appeared to be from my web host. The email claimed that there was a problem with my payment information and asked me to update it. I clicked on the link in the email and entered my credit card number, thinking that a recent change I'd made to my site must have caused a problem.

The next morning, I logged onto my credit card account to find two large unauthorized purchases. A scammer had successfully phished my payment information from me.

This failure of security is pretty embarrassing for a personal finance writer. I know better than to click through an email link claiming to be from my bank, credit card lender, or other financial institution. But because the email came from a source that wasn't specifically financial (and because I was thinking about the changes I had made to my website just the day before), I let myself get played.

Thankfully, because I check my credit card balance daily, the scammers didn't get away with it. However, it's better to be proactive about avoiding credit card theft so you're not stuck with the cleanup, which took me several months to complete.

Here's how you can protect yourself from credit card theft.

Protecting your physical credit card

Stealing your physical credit or debit card is in some respects the easiest way for a scammer to get their hands on your sweet, sweet money. With the actual card in hand, a scammer has all the information they need to make fraudulent purchases: the credit card number, expiration date, and the security code on the back.

That means keeping your physical cards safe is one of the best ways to protect yourself from credit card theft. Don't carry more cards than you intend to use. Having every card you own in a bulging wallet makes it more likely someone could steal one when you're not paying attention and you may not realize it's gone if you have multiple cards.

Another common place where you might be separated from your card is at a restaurant. After you've paid your bill, it can be easy to forget if you've put away your card (especially if you've been enjoying adult beverages). So make it a habit to confirm that you have your card before you leave a restaurant.

If you do find yourself missing a credit or debit card, make sure you call your bank immediately to report it lost or stolen. The faster you move to lock down the card, the less likely the scammers will be able to make fraudulent charges. Make sure you have your bank's phone number written down somewhere so you're able to contact them quickly if your card is stolen or lost. (See also: Don't Panic: Do This If Your Identity Gets Stolen)

Recognizing card skimmers

Credit card thieves also go high-tech to get your information. Credit card skimmers are small devices placed on a legitimate spot for a card scanner, such as on a gas pump or ATM.

When you scan your card to pay, the skimmer device captures all the information stored in your card's magnetic stripe. In some cases, when there's a skimmer placed on an ATM, there's also a tiny camera set up to record you entering your PIN so the fraudster has all the info they need to access your account.

The good news is that it's possible to detect a card skimmer in the wild. Gas stations and ATMs are the most common places where you'll see skimmer devices. Generally, these devices will often stick out past the panel rather than sit flush with it, as the legitimate credit card scanner is supposed to. Other red flags to look for are scanners that seem to jiggle or move slightly instead of being firmly affixed, or a pin pad that appears thicker than normal. All of these can potentially indicate a skimmer is in place.

If you find something that looks hinky, go to a different gas station or ATM. Better safe than sorry. (See also: 18 Surprising Ways Your Identity Can Be Stolen)

Protecting your credit card numbers at home

Your home is another place thieves will go searching for your sensitive information. To start, you likely receive credit card offers, the cards themselves, and your statements in the mail. While mail theft is relatively rare (it's a federal crime, after all), it's still a good idea to make sure you collect your mail daily and put a hold on it when you go out of town.

Once you get your card-related paperwork in the house, however, you still may be vulnerable. Because credit card scammers are not above a little dumpster diving to get their hands on your credit card number. This is why it's a good idea to shred any paperwork with your credit card number and other identifying information on it before you throw it away.

Finally, protecting your credit cards at home also means being wary about whom you share information with over the phone. Unless you've initiated a phone call of your own volition — not because you're calling someone who left a voicemail — you should never share your credit card numbers over the phone. Scammers will pose as customer service agents from your financial institution or a merchant you frequent to get your payment information. To be sure, you can hang up and call the institution yourself using the main phone number.

Keeping your cards safe online

You should never provide your credit card information via a link in an email purporting to be from your financial institution or a merchant. Scammers are able to make their fake emails and websites look legitimate, which was exactly the reason I fell victim to this fraud.

But even with my momentary lapse in judgment about being asked for my payment information from my "web host," there were other warning signs that I could've heeded if I had been paying attention.

The first is the actual email address. These fake emails will often have a legitimate looking display name, which is the only thing you might see in your email. However, if you hover over or click on the display name, you can see the actual email address that sent you the message. Illegitimate addresses do not follow the same email address format you'll see from the legitimate company.

In addition to that, looking at the URL that showed up when I clicked the link could've told me something weird was going on. Any legitimate site that needs your financial information will have a secure URL to accept your payment. Secure URLs start with https:// (rather than http://) and feature a lock icon in the browser bar. If these elements are missing, then you should not enter your credit card information. (See also: 3 Ways Millennials Can Avoid Financial Fraud)

Daily practices that keep you safe

In addition to these precautions, you can also protect your credit cards with the everyday choices you make. For instance, using strong, unique passwords for all of your online financial services, from shopping to banking, can help you prevent theft. Keeping those strong passwords safe — that is, not written down on a post-it note on your laptop — will also help protect your financial information.

Regularly going over your credit card and banking statements can also help ensure that you're the only one making purchases with your credit cards. It was this daily habit of mine that made sure my scammers didn't actually receive the computer they tried to purchase with my credit card. The fact that I check my balance daily meant I was able to shut down the fraudulent sale before they received the goods, even though I fell down on the job of protecting my credit card information.

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This article is from Emily Guy Birken of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

3 Things You Should Consider Before Selling Your House for Cash

Toni Husbands — Wed, 20 Feb 2019 09:00:11 +0000

In August of 2017, an investor called us and offered to buy our condo for cash. We didn't have it listed for sale. The condo was in great condition, the rent we charged covered expenses, and it was in a very nice area that consistently attracted stable tenants. My husband and I took about five minutes to confer before deciding to accept the offer.

The offer was cash. We estimated it was about $10,000 less than we might have made through a traditional sale. After accounting for realtor commissions, taxes, and the time required to sell our condo; we felt the convenience of an as-is cash sale was worth it. The closing took less than two weeks. By the end of August, we had an extra $35,000 in the bank.

Selling your house for cash can be a dream come true. In these cases, investors are looking for a quick transaction. They aren't generally concerned with repairs. Real estate agents are not involved, so the cost of a broker's commission is waived. In my case, the inspection walkthrough was merely a formality. The as-is cash closing was also a piece of cake. (See also: How to Sell Your Home When You're Underwater on Your Mortgage)

The investors who contacted us were the building's property managers. They already owned other rental units in the building, so we were able to verify their legitimacy quickly. However, all that glitters is not gold. This industry is rife with scammers looking to swindle you, and you should be careful working with people who advertise a service to buy houses for cash on traditional media sources, online, or even street corners (we've all seen the signs nailed to light posts).

If you're considering selling your house for cash to an investor, make sure you do your homework, and back away if you detect any of the following red flags.

It's a foreign investor

People who contact you from foreign countries offering to buy your house sight unseen should set off alarm bells. In some cases, scammers submit legal-looking documents or send you to websites that look professional. They might say they're moving to another country for work. However, these people are either never available to speak in person or don't have a local representative to work with directly. In some cases, the scam artists will send a foreign check with a mistaken overpayment. They ask unsuspecting homeowners to refund the overpayment only to find that the check doesn't clear. This will leave the homeowner on the hook for whatever monies were transferred out.

Be wary of dealing with buyers in foreign countries who aren't readily available by phone or video conference. And never take any action with funds deposited until you've waited the requisite time for a check to clear. (See also: How to Protect Elderly Loved Ones From Financial Scams)

They only communicate via email

Investors may contact you through a variety of methods. However, once a deal is reached, someone should want to inspect the property in person. If you're dealing with a potential investor who only wants to communicate via email, you might be dealing with a scammer. Legitimate buyers have no problem showing up and walking through a property they intend to purchase.

The investor doesn't negotiate

As-is cash home buyers are in this market to find deals. They aren't interested in paying the market rate for any property. The investors will negotiate the price down to account for any repairs needed so they can sell the home again for a profit. Homeowners willing to sell to an as-is cash buyer must be willing to accept a significant reduction in their asking price.

If you're communicating with a potential buyer who requires no repairs and is willing to pay top dollar for your home, run. Anyone offering full price for a house without requiring any work on your end is likely trying to rip you off.

How to avoid a scam

There are plenty of legitimate investors or buyers who are willing to pay cash for your home as-is. This type of transaction works well for those who don't have the money to make repairs or renovations needed. You may also like the idea of a fast, hassle-free closing. Maybe you've become an accidental landlord after relocating, or you've inherited a house from a family member and you want out of the arrangement.

There are plenty of good reasons to approach a quick-buy investor, and homeowners can still make smart choices in pursuing this type of transaction. Here's how to do it right.

Google the investor

Always do a Google search and look for independent reviews online. Angry people who are swindled out of money tend to leave a trail in cyberspace. Start with a quick search on the company's or investor's name. You should also check to see if they're members of the Better Business Bureau, or if there are any complaints with the State Attorney's office.

Hire a lawyer

While not required, hiring an attorney can help ensure that the process is followed correctly and legally. Legitimate investors will welcome this process.

Check references

Follow up with their references. Legitimate investors will have worked with other homeowners who can share their experience — good or bad.

Pay attention to how they present themselves

Keep an eye on their professionalism. If their correspondence is laden with typos, or their forms of advertising are sketchy (illegal posters nailed to light posts, for example), you should avoid them. If an investor doesn't present professionally and you want to sell your home for as-is for cash, find someone who does.

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This article is from Toni Husbands of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

Debt Collectors Are Calling My Family — Now What?

Dan Rafter — Mon, 26 Nov 2018 18:28:01 +0000

It's bad enough when debt collectors start calling you, but what if they start hounding your family members, too? Can collection agencies legally do this?

The answer is a bit complicated.

The types of calls that debt collectors can make is regulated by the Federal Trade Commission's Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. This act provides protection to consumers who owe debts. It says, for instance, that debt collectors can't threaten you with jail time or call you early in the morning or late at night. The act also says that collectors can't call you multiple times a day. The act also regulates the communication that debt collectors can have with your family members. (See also: 5 Things Debt Collectors Don't Want You to Know)

Calling family members

Debt collectors are hired to get you to pay up the money you owe to their clients. To do this, they'll reach out to you by mail or phone to convince you to come up with the cash. But if debt collectors can't find you? Then they can contact your family members. In fact, they can contact anyone who knows you, including friends or co-workers.

However, what they can say to these third parties, and how often they can contact them, is extremely limited. The Fair Debt Collections Practices Act states that debt collectors can only contact family members, friends, or co-workers to find your location. If they have already contacted you, they are not allowed to reach out to others. They can also only contact family members or friends once.

What they can say

Debt collectors are also limited in what they can say to your family members. They must identify themselves and state that they are confirming your contact information or looking for correct contact information. If your family members ask, they are required to identify who is employing them, but only if they are expressly asked this question.

Debt collectors are not allowed to tell family members that you owe any debt. Collectors also can't threaten family members or call them more than once unless the debt collector reasonably believes that the family member's earlier responses were incorrect or incomplete, and that the person now has correct or complete info.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau says that debt collectors can't discuss your debt with anyone besides you, your spouse, or your attorney — if that attorney is representing you regarding your debt. If you're a minor, debt collectors can speak with your parents about your debt. They can also discuss your debt with your guardian, executor, or administrator, if you have them.

What to do if debt collectors aren't following the rules?

If debt collectors are violating the rules of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act when they contact your family members, you should contact the Federal Trade Commission with your complaint. You can file a complaint online by using the commission's Complaint Assistant.

You can also contact the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. You can file a complaint online with this this agency, too.

Additionally, you have the option of suing a debt collection agency in state court or small claims court. Be warned, though. You might have to hire an attorney to succeed, and this can be a time-consuming and frustrating challenge. (See also: Here's What Happens to an Account in Collections — Even When You Pay Up)

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This article is from Dan Rafter of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

6 Safe Places to Visit in South America

Nick Wharton — Wed, 05 Sep 2018 08:00:09 +0000

South America often gets a bad rap when it comes to perceptions of how safe it is. Just the mention of the continent can conjure up images of unstable political landscapes, and high levels of crime and violence. But while there are some parts of South America that are blighted by problems of this nature, the vast majority is perfectly safe to visit.

Make sure you follow basic travel safety measures like not wearing flashy clothes or jewelry, only carrying small amounts of cash on you, and avoiding secluded and poorly lit areas at night. And as with any destination, it always pays to take sensible precautions, research your destination, and make plans based on this information. (See also: 4 Affordable Destinations That Are Safer Than You Think)

Here are six South American destinations that are safe to visit.

1. Buenos Aires, Argentina

Sometimes referred to as the Paris of South America, you'll immediately notice that there's a distinctly European vibe to Buenos Aires. The outdoor cafes, and Italian-, German-, and Spanish-influenced cuisine all offer a nod to the city's history of European settlers.

Learn to tango in the home of the famous sensual dance, sample the delicious wine that the country has earned a burgeoning reputation for, and don't miss out on asado (barbecue) at one of the bustling parrilla eateries. Restaurants here frequently don't even open until 11 p.m. and clubs stay open until the sun comes up. This is a city that simply does not sleep.

Argentina has no travel warnings currently issued by the Department of State.

2. Medellin, Colombia

Formerly, Colombia was the battleground for some of the most violent and feared drugs lords the world has ever seen, including the likes of Pablo Escobar. However, Medellin has worked hard to clean up its reputation in recent years, with dramatic effects clearly evident.

Colombia's third largest city has won numerous awards over the past decade in recognition of its innovations in contemporary urban design. It's one of the trendiest vacation destinations in South America, with visitors arriving to check out the "City of Eternal Spring," thanks to its year-round moderate temperature.

While Colombia has a level two travel advisory, Medellin is not mentioned as somewhere to be wary of. (See also: 8 Travel Warnings You Shouldn't Ignore)

3. Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay

Uruguay is often overshadowed by its larger and more popular neighbors, and is often seen as a day trip by visitors to Argentina. But it has its very own laid-back charm that's well worth exploring, and Colonia del Sacramento is the ideal place to start.

This sleepy city is really one for fans of the quiet life, with its historical architecture, cobblestone streets, and small town feel. The perfectly preserved historic quarter is by far the biggest draw, with its mixture of Spanish and Portuguese colonial buildings making for a picturesque destination.

Crime is extremely rare here and travel advisory levels are currently at their lowest, with no warnings whatsoever. (See also: 7 Common Travel Myths That People Need to Stop Believing)

4. Santiago, Chile

Chile's capital and largest city is a contemporary, cosmopolitan, and classy metropolis. The central zone sprawls out from the vast Palacio de la Moneda, with many of the streets completely pedestrianized. In districts like Providencia, you'll find refined restaurants and high class hotels.

The fact that Santiago sits in a valley surrounded by mountains and hills means it offers plenty of opportunities to escape the city center. This diversity allows you to head out into the elevated, leafy parks and vantage points that offer spectacular views of the city.

Chile has no travel warnings and a level one safety advisory.

5. Florianopolis, Brazil

Far removed from the madness of megacities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, lies the lesser known city of Florianópolis. The majority of the city lies on an island just off Brazil's Atlantic Coast, but remains connected by two bridges. "Floripa," as it's known locally, is a laid back, artsy, surfer haven that's long been a popular vacation destinations for Brazilians in the know.

The energetic city center is packed full of international restaurants, trendy coffee shops, and lively bars. Comprising landscapes as diverse as luscious white sand beaches, areas of rich forests, lagoons, and waterfalls, Floripa is also a natural wonderland that allows you to escape the city at leisure.

While some parts of Brazil have relatively high crime rates, these are mainly concentrated in specific areas and the travel advisory levels currently stand at two, with no specific mention of Florianópolis. (See also: 7 Ways to Manage Your Travel Anxiety)

6. Copacabana, Bolivia

One of the largest lakes in the whole of the South American continent, the inimitable Titicaca is so big it straddles the borders of both Bolivia and Peru. Unusually for a lake of this size, it's also at great altitude, lying in excess of 12,500 feet above sea level in the Andes Mountain range. There are many villages and towns on the shores of the lake, but probably the most popular is the Bolivian town of Copacabana.

In truth, the town itself isn't much to behold, but everything here centers around the lake. It is an imposing body of water, stretching out as far as the eye can see. You can hike the surrounding hillsides for incredible views, head to the indigenous village on the Isla del Sol to experience the local culture, and learn about ancient Inca traditions.

Bolivia has a travel advisory level of one and Copacabana and is generally considered extremely safe.

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This article is from Nick Wharton of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

How the Merger of Marriott and SPG Programs Will Affect Member Rewards

Carrie Kirby — Thu, 26 Jul 2018 08:00:09 +0000

Marriott International bought Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide almost two years ago, but they're just getting around to integrating the two hotel chains' popular loyalty programs in August. Whether you're a loyal Marriott lodger, you're sitting on a mountain of Starwood Preferred Guest (SPG) points, or if you've dabbled in both programs over the years, you may be wondering how this change is going to affect you.

Don't worry. The transition should work out fine for everyone. While it's true that the programs as you knew them will be gone forever, the good news is that the changes aren't terribly jolting for either Marriott or SPG members, and that members who have spent years building up their status won't have to start over.

Members of both programs have been able to link their accounts since shortly after the merger and transfer points from Marriott to SPG and vice versa. But once the unified program debuts in August, members will receive emails from the company notifying them that it's time to merge their Marriott and SPG accounts. The new program will have a new name (to be announced in 2019), new status tiers, and new rates for booking rooms. (See also: Tips for Using Hotel Reward Points to Get the Most Value)

You'll be able to search all the hotels from one site

The combined chain has 6,500 hotels worldwide. Currently, guests have to use Marriott.com to search for Marriott hotels (including The Ritz-Carlton, Courtyard, and other brands owned by the conglomerate) and SPG.com to look for Starwood hotels (including Sheraton, Westin, and other brands). Starting in August, you'll be able to go to either of those sites and book the whole portfolio, book through either brand's app, or by calling either brand's customer service number. (See also: 5 Hotel Room Booking Tools Every Frugal Traveler Should Know)

New earning rates

Members will earn 10 points for every dollar spent at all hotel brands except for three (Residence Inn, TownePlace Suites, and Element), where the earn rate will be five points per dollar. Elite members will earn more based on their status tier. That's the same as what current Marriott members get. SPG members currently earn two points per dollar.

Redemption rates are similar to current Marriott rates

While it may seem like SPG members will quintuple their earnings under the new plan, in reality, they probably won't notice much difference in how long it takes to earn free stays. That's because rate adjustments will make the new points both earn and spend more like Marriott points.

The new Free Night Award chart shows standard redemption rates for all hotels starting in August, with peak and off-peak rates coming in 2019. The new chart divides hotels into seven categories, with an eighth coming in 2019. The standard rate for the lowest tier will be 7,500 points per night, and the standard rate for the eighth tier will be 85,000. This compares to seven current SPG room categories with weekday prices ranging from 3,000 to 35,000 Starpoints, and nine current Marriott tiers ranging from 6,000 to 45,000 points per night.

Starwood points will triple

SPG points are worth three times as much as Marriott points. The Points Guy travel rewards blog pegs Marriott points at 0.9 cents and Starwood at 2.7 cents each. To account for this, SPG points will be tripled when you merge accounts, but Marriott point balances will stay the same. So if you had 10,000 Marriott points and 10,000 SPG points, your new account would have 40,000 points in it.

More elite status tiers

If you currently have status such as Gold Preferred Guest with Starwood or Platinum Elite with Marriott, you don't have to wait until August to find out what your status will be in the new program. You can check your elite status here for SPG and your elite status here for Marriott.

The new program has five elite tiers; Marriott currently has three and SPG has two. But the new tiers aren't an exact match to the old ones. This will mean a change in benefits for some frequent guests.

For instance, previously, someone who stayed 25 nights with SPG would get a jump in status that would let them suddenly start earning 50 percent more Starpoints for every dollar spent at the hotel, allowing them to earn free nights that much faster. Marriott elite guests had a similar deal that allowed them to earn 20 percent more points per dollar spent. The new program will give the same guest a 25 percent boost. Some benefits won't change: 50 nights will get you into lounges, just as they did in SPG and Marriott Rewards.

Lifetime elite status holders will also see slight changes. But most importantly to road warriors: Anyone with lifetime status under their original program will have it under the new program, even if it looks a little different.

Airline transfer partners

A popular way to use both Marriott and SPG points is to transfer them to airlines, and this flexible perk won't be going away with the new program. In fact, it will be slightly better, because members will be able to transfer to a few more airlines once the programs are combined. For instance, starting in August, former SPG members will be able to transfer points to JetBlue and Qantas airlines — which weren't available to them before. Former Marriott members will be able to transfer to Virgin Australia and Air New Zealand, among others — which they hadn't been able to before. In all, the program will have more than 40 airline transfer partners.

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This article is from Carrie Kirby of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

How to Protect Yourself from a Home Improvement Scam

Paul Michael — Thu, 05 Jul 2018 08:30:18 +0000

From a small task like new sod, to a major job like a finished basement, home improvement projects can become a nightmare if you fall victim to a scam. Even the savviest consumers can get taken for a ride if they don't know how to spot the red flags. So before you commit to any kind of home remodel or upgrade, make sure you know how to protect yourself from the scammers.

Don't get work done that you didn't seek out

This happens all the time, even though door-to-door salesmen seem to be a thing of the past. You'll get a knock on the door and a friendly face will tell you that the recent hailstorm means your roof is in major trouble. Or, their firm is in the area replacing windows, and because so many of the neighbors have signed up, you'll get a great deal. The patter revolves around the same kind of setup, but the result is always the same — they won't go away until you agree to sign something and hand over a deposit.

Now, in all fairness, reputable companies will go door-to-door sometimes as well, but they won't use high-pressure tactics. The scammers will use every trick in the book to get invited inside and throw the hard sell at you. Don't ever get work done that you didn't actively seek out yourself; you're just asking for trouble.

Do your research, and do it well

When you take on any kind of home improvement project, it's not the same as getting a car overhauled or a gadget repaired. This is your home. Your safe space. Before you let anyone near it, let alone into it, you want to know they are reliable and trustworthy. A simple recommendation from a friend or work colleague isn't enough.

You have the vast resources of the internet and a community of clients to tap into, so use them. Start with the Better Business Bureau and Yelp. Get yourself a membership to a site like Angie's List (which is free now) and scour reviews. You may even want to do a Google search for the contractor's name followed by a phrase like "rip-off" or "scam." If there are overwhelmingly negative reviews, avoid them. If there are no reviews, avoid them. You want glowing reviews from at least a dozen people before you commit to anything. (See also: How to Find and Hire a Reliable Contractor)

Get free estimates from multiple sources

If you're any kind of savvy shopper, you won't buy anything without doing a little price comparison. The same applies to a contractor, only this is a much bigger and more important purchase.

Once you have researched the best three firms for the job, ask them to each give an estimate for the cost of the service, and ask them to itemize it as well. Next, compare the estimates side-by-side and look to see who is giving you the best value for money. Remember, this is not about the lowest price but the best investment in your home. The lowest price may come with cheaper materials and no guarantee.

You want to balance cost with quality, and if one firm is giving you everything and more for a surprisingly low cost, investigate it. If it looks too good to be true, it usually is. (See also: 8 Questions to Ask Contractors Before Hiring One)

Make sure this isn't a job you can easily do yourself

You'd be amazed at how many homeowners are willing to pay thousands of dollars in labor for a job that requires just a little research, elbow grease, and $50 in parts. And some unscrupulous contractors are quite happy to do that simple job and charge an arm and a leg for it.

Again, you live in the information age, and it's easy to not only identify a problem, but find multiple online videos and walk-throughs showing you just how to do the work yourself. Anything from replacing a washer to an entire furnace is now something within reach of many DIYers.

Of course, if you're just not comfortable doing any kind of work around the house, that's your call. But it you're willing and able, and can get some help from a handy friend, you could save a whole lot of money. What's more, check the status of the warranty if you're looking at a repair job. You may discover that you don't even need to pay for service. (See also: 10 Things to Know Before You Start a Home Improvement Project)

Get a contract, and get it checked before you sign

A contract is a vital piece of protection for a consumer and you must demand one. Even if it's just a small job costing a few hundred dollars, you should get the project down on paper and get it signed. List everything that needs to be done, the costs you have both agreed upon, any materials that need to be purchased, any permits that need to be pulled (permits offer additional protection against shoddy work), and the start and completion dates.

Ideally, you should have a legal mind look at it, be it a professional or someone who can help you out for free. Read every word, including the small print that can hide traps. You don't want to sign anything that could leave you high and dry. This contract will be your protection should anything go wrong and you need to take it to court.

Don't give more than 33 percent as a down payment

A contractor will ask for a down payment to secure the work, make sure you're serious about committing, and purchase materials. All this is absolutely business-as-usual. But if the down payment starts climbing above the 33 percent mark, you should proceed with extreme caution. Give away too much money at the beginning, and you may never see it or the contractor again.

You should hold off on paying the bulk of the money until the job is completed to your satisfaction, and even then that final payment should only be handed over when you receive something called a lien waiver, stating all supplies and any additional subcontractors have been paid for. Otherwise, you could find yourself getting harassed for extra money. (See also: 9 Home Improvements You Should Always Negotiate)

When possible, choose a credit card over cash payments

Not all small businesses accept credit cards. But if your contractor offers the option, paying with a credit card can provide a degree of purchase protection you wouldn't otherwise have with cash. Should the project have issues, you can call your credit card company and dispute the charges. They employ teams of professionals that will work on your behalf to get this issue sorted. (See also: 12 Times Your Credit Card Has Your Back)

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This article is from Paul Michael of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

5 Destinations in Mexico That Are Safer Than Playa Del Carmen and Cancun

Nick Wharton — Tue, 26 Jun 2018 12:40:59 +0000

Despite its decades-long history of trouble and violence, Mexico has remained a popular vacation destination. One of the main reasons is that tourist hubs like Playa Del Carmen and Cancun have largely been protected from the worst of the unrest.

Recently, this has started to change and there have been gruesome and shocking incidents occurring in areas once thought unaffected. A bomb recently detonated on a passenger ferry from Playa Del Carmen that injured over 20 people. Cancun has seen various incidents of gun violence, including multiple murders on its white sand beaches and even a gunman firing at the beach from a jet ski. Another popular tourist area, Los Cabos in Baja California, has also felt the effects after a spate of grisly murders over the past year.

Despite the fact that it does have a serious crime problem, with more than 29,000 murders in 2017, Mexico is still generally very safe for visitors. There are other amazing destinations throughout Mexico that have not been hit by the same problems, and would make an excellent choice for a vacation. Here are five destinations in Mexico that are safer than Playa Del Carmen and Cancun at the moment. (See also: 8 Most Affordable Beach Towns in Mexico)

1. Guanajuato

The picturesque city of Guanajuato, which lies right in the center of Mexico, is still famed for its silver production in particular. At one point during the 18th century, it was one of the biggest producers of silver in the world, which meant it was flooded with wealth. This is clearly visible in the colonial mansions and ornate churches that you'll come across when wandering the narrow streets, many of which are so tight that cars can't navigate them.

The city meanders its way right up into the surrounding mountains, which are dotted with a mish mash of vibrantly colored buildings. Among them you'll discover museums, theaters, plazas surrounded by outdoor cafes, and various interesting marketplaces. The atmosphere in Guanajuato is laid back, making it the perfect relaxing city break with a cultural leaning.

2. San Cristóbal de las Casas

Tucked away in the mountains of Chiapas in southern Mexico, San Cristóbal is relatively cold due to the altitude, and far away from either coast, so you won't be getting any beach time. However, what San Cristóbal does have in abundance is character, culture, and colorful colonial architecture, which combined with its rich history, make it one of the most fascinating towns in the country.

The local population here has a uniquely high proportion of indigenous people from two main groups, the Tzotzil and the Tzelta. In the center, pastel colored buildings with red tile roofs line narrow cobbled streets, making it a picturesque place to explore. The mix of traditional and modern provides an interesting dynamic, with lively markets and street sellers offering handmade crafts. Those sit alongside bustling contemporary bars, cafes, and restaurants.

3. Puerto Vallarta

Puerto Vallarta is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Mexico and has a sizable expat population, thanks to its modern amenities, lovely beaches, and a lively night life. But despite the similarities it shares with the likes of Cancun and Playa Del Carmen, it's actually got a completely different feel to it. There are two faces to Puerto Vallarta, the old and the new, with one boasting vast resorts and visitor-oriented attractions, the other filled with cobbled streets and the feel of a long-established Puebla.

A wide and busy boardwalk runs from the heart of the old "Romantic Zone" along the seafront out toward the newer part of the city. Along its edges you'll find restaurants, bars, and shops selling everything from craft tequilas to souvenirs usually found in popular beach towns. (See also: 5 Travel Destinations That Are Cheaper Due to a Strong U.S. Dollar)

4. Oaxaca City

Oaxaca City is currently enjoying something of a moment, having been billed by those in the know as Mexico's culinary epicenter. Regional delicacies hailing from this part of the country include the complicated and rich mole sauce; Tlayudas, which has been likened to a Mexican version of pizza; and chapulines (aka grasshoppers), which are widely used in various dishes. But there's more to Oaxaca than top notch noshes.

The entire historic center of Oaxaca city has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage site thanks to the historic monuments found within its meticulously planned boundaries. Despite the historic buildings, it's a modern city with cool cafes, trendy bars, and boutique hotels belying their antiquated facades. There are colorful markets filled with locally crafted goods, smoky food halls serving up delicious treats, and numerous festivals throughout the year during which the city explodes into colorful parties. (See also: 11 Incredible UNESCO World Heritage Sites Right Here in the U.S.)

5. Tulum

This laid-back former hippy haven on the Yucatán Peninsula is actually in Quintana Roo, the same state where both Playa Del Carmen and Cancun are located. However, it couldn't be more different. It's a beach town that isn't actually located on the edge of the coast, and lies a couple of miles inland with a large, green national park separating the two.

The wide beaches nearby are fringed with boutique hotels, spa retreats, and easy going restaurants, so you can comfortably spend the day without heading into town. There are also some extremely well-preserved Mayan ruins inside the national park that provide spectacular views of the sea. The town itself is centered around a single main road that’s populated by traditional restaurants and bars.

A bit further out, there are also spectacular cenotes, natural sinkholes formed when limestone bedrock collapses, exposing the ground water beneath. They’re a little slice of Eden. Gran Cenote is the most impressive, with turtles and colorful fish surrounding you as you snorkel. (See also: 9 Travel Destinations for Introverts)

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This article is from Nick Wharton of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

Yes, It's Still Safe to Visit Hawaii During the Volcanic Eruption

Carrie Kirby — Wed, 13 Jun 2018 08:30:20 +0000

Reports of the ongoing volcanic eruption on the Big Island of Hawaii have been upsetting and dramatic. So far, the spewing and oozing lava from Kilauea has destroyed hundreds of homes and obliterated a scenic bay once popular for snorkeling. Near the volcano, residents have evacuated, not just because of the lava itself, but also because of air filled with ash, hydrochloric acid, and even particles of volcanic glass.

The destruction has many mainlanders wondering if they should avoid making Hawaiian vacation plans this summer. Clearly, if you had plans to tour the volcano, you'll have to change your itinerary, since most of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park is closed. However, most of the Big Island and the rest of the Hawaiian Islands remain safe.

"Visitors to Hawai'i can be assured that the volcanic activity is having no effect whatsoever on the other islands, O'ahu, Maui, Moloka'i, Lāna'i, and Kaua'i," said Governor David Ige in a news release. (See also: 8 Amazing Hawaiian Resorts You Can Book With Rewards Points)

Now is actually a great time to plan a trip to Hawaii. Here's why:

1. Air quality is safe everywhere that you're allowed to go

Before leaving on your trip, you can check the Environmental Protection Agency's AirNow website or its interactive Air Monitoring Viewer, created to track air quality during the eruption. The combination of ash and fog is referred to as vog, and although it's usually not dangerous, it can ruin a sunset.

"Consider Kīlauea has been erupting for 35+ years — with ocean entries on several occasions. Vog is, therefore, not something new. However, with the current increased activity, [it] may be more visible than normal depending on wind strength and direction," the Hawaii Tourism Authority states.

Currently, neither site indicates that any areas of the Big Island have pollutant levels that would cause the general public harm. If you have a pre-existing medical condition that makes you more sensitive to pollutants in the air, consult these sites with your doctor before deciding to go. (See also: 15 Ways to Save Big During a Hawaii Vacation)

2. The Big Island is huge and the lava area is small

It's certainly wise to look at a map of the volcanic activity to find out how far your chosen lodging is from the evacuation area. You can also check with your hotel or host. Officials are urging tourists not to try to get close enough to see the lava flow, for their own safety and to avoid further straining public safety resources.

But chances are, you'll be staying miles away from the danger zone. Most hotels are in Kailua-Kona on the island's west coast or Hilo on the east coast, about 30 miles north of the lava area. The lava covers less than 10 square miles, or about 0.2 percent of the island.

"Let's put this into context," said Hawaii County Managing Director Wil Okabe in a news conference. "All the islands in the Hawaiian chain can fit on the Big Island." He blamed the media, and confusion between the island of Hawaii and the state of Hawaii, for giving some mainlanders the impression that all of Hawaii is affected, instead of a tiny portion of one island.

3. On the other islands, it's paradise as usual

The tourism board says no other islands in the state are affected. If you're staying in Waikiki, you'll be 200 miles away from the volcano; Kauai is more than 300 miles away. If you wouldn't cancel a trip to Las Vegas because of a natural disaster in Los Angeles, don't cancel a trip to another island because of what's happening on the Big Island. (See also: Cut These 9 Expenses in One Year to Get a 10-Day Hawaii Vacation)

4. Summer is one of the nicest times to visit Hawaii

While there is no bad time to visit Hawaii, many people (other than surfers) prefer June through September, when the ocean is warm and calmer than in winter months. There is also a lower chance of rain than in October, November, March, and April.

5. Hawaii needs you

Tourism is the largest single industry in Hawaii's economy, and on the Big Island, 30 percent of private sector workers are employed in tourism. The Big Island is already suffering due to the closure of the national park and because some cruise ships have stopped calling there. "There are cancellations of vacations that affect the economy," said Okabe, who worried that mainlanders seeing volcanic eruption images in the media and on social networks were deciding not to go to Hawaii.

Officials say the effect on tourism revenue going forward will be difficult to predict, but the Island of Hawaii Visitors Bureau is projecting a potential 50 percent decline in business. Even more worrisome, some travel companies report that bookings to the entire state of Hawaii have declined, even though the other islands are not at all affected by the volcano.

6. You might benefit from smaller crowds on the Big Island

It's not clear whether volcano fears will lead to discounts for braver tourists this summer. But at the moment, July airfares from San Francisco to Kona, for example, look low — starting at $268 round-trip — compared to July averages in the $800 range, according to Kayak.com. Flights from the Bay Area to Honolulu can be had for as low as $258 in July.

Whether or not you save money, you might enjoy fewer crowds, especially if you visit the Big Island. Fewer cruise ships calling at the ports of Kona and Hilo and less-full flights landing at the airports could mean more beach space for you — something to keep in mind especially if you're the type of traveler likely to be annoyed when a large ship pulls in.

And if you think it's unseemly to head for an island enduring a natural disaster just to have a less-crowded holiday, consider all the people on the Big Island who rely on tourism to put food on their tables. They'll be happy you came.

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This article is from Carrie Kirby of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

How to Stop Those Annoying Robocalls

Dan Rafter — Fri, 08 Jun 2018 09:00:18 +0000

Your phone rings, the number on the screen starts with your local area code. Of course you're going to pick up. What if it's the school nurse calling about your children? What if it's your dentist's office calling to reschedule an appointment?

Then you pick up and a recording tells you that you've won a free cruise to Alaska or that you owe money to the IRS.

Yes, you've been hit by a robocall. These obnoxious recorded messages are used by companies to persuade you to buy something you usually don't need. Not only are they annoying, but robocalls can be dangerous, too. Plenty of scammers use them to trick people into giving up their Social Security numbers, credit card digits, or other personal information. Worst of all? These robocalls are increasing, and so are complaints from consumers who have been harassed by those prerecorded pitches and scams.

Fortunately, there are steps you can take to stop at least a chunk of these calls and to protect yourself from any automated scams targeting your phone number.

We're answering a LOT more robocalls lately

The Federal Trade Commission reported that in 2017, consumers filed more than 4.5 million complaints with the commission about robocalls. That ranks as the highest number of complaints in any year, and is a sharp increase from the more than 3.4 million robocall complaints consumers filed with the FTC in 2016.

The most common topic of these robocalls is debt reduction. Robocalls about vacations and timeshares were the second most common, while those about warranties and protection plans came in third. (See also: How to Spot a Hotel Booking Scam)

How to stop them

If the number of robocalls bombarding your phone has increased, you're not alone. How do you stop, or at least slow down, these intrusions? (See also: How to Protect Elderly Loved Ones From Financial Scams)

Register your number on the Do Not Call list

Your first step is to sign up for the National Do Not Call Registry, offered by the FTC. Telemarketers are prohibited from using automated dialers to call cellphones or landlines on the list, unless the owners of these numbers give them consent first.

Unfortunately, listing your number on this list doesn't stop all robocalls. That's because many of the companies or scammers behind these calls won't hesitate to ignore Federal Communications Commission regulations.

Use call-blocking apps

Once you've listed your number on the Do Not Call Registry, it's time to download call-blocking apps that can help you prevent repeat robocalls from the same number. The Mr. Number app is a popular one, and allows you to block any number that has sent you a robocall and calls from known scammers. You can also block calls from numbers not in your contact list.

There are competitors out there, including apps such as Truecaller and Should I Answer. These will help you greatly reduce robocalls.

Wireless providers understand that robocalls are a nuisance, too. So it's not surprising that some of these providers offer their own call-blocking apps. AT&T offers the AT&T Call Protect app that lets you block calls from suspicious numbers and past robocallers. T-Mobile provides its own Scam Block tool that allows cell users to block all known scam calls before they ring up their phones. And Verizon offers its own suite of call-blocking services, including call block, caller ID, and anonymous call rejection.

What to do if you still get robocalls

What if, despite the measures you've taken to prevent them, you still receive a robocall?

First, if your call is coming from a number you don't recognize, don't answer. If the call truly is important, whoever is calling will leave you a voicemail. If you do answer, hang up as soon as you realize you're dealing with a robocall.

Some robocalls will request that you hit the number "1" to speak with a live operator. Never do this. You'll just be connected with someone trying to sell you something or scam you. Others might ask that you press a certain number on your phone to stop receiving calls. Don't press that number, either. You'll usually be connected to another operator who wants to sell you or scam you.

In short, the best way to deal with robocalls that slip through is to never engage with them. Robocallers can't scam you if you don't answer. (See also: 3 Ways to Ban Spam and Stop Junk)

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This article is from Dan Rafter of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

7 Common Travel Myths That People Need to Stop Believing

Nick Wharton — Wed, 06 Jun 2018 08:30:29 +0000

Many people hold misconceptions about travel that are born out of rumors, misinformation, and a fear of the unknown. Most imply that you need to be rich, that only certain privileged people can travel, and that common life situations make it impossible to see the world. But safe and affordable travel is actually possible. Here are seven common travel myths that are flat-out wrong.

1. Traveling is too expensive

There's no doubt about it, traveling can absolutely be expensive. But that doesn't mean it has to be. If you're booking luxury cruises and five-star hotels every time you go on vacation, then yes, you'll need lots of cash. There are endless ways to make traveling easier on your budget, though, and all while enjoying a fantastic standard of living.

Choosing the right destinations is key, and outside of the U.S., many places are far cheaper on everything from food to accommodation. You can use travel rewards credit cards to save hundreds of dollars per year and get free travel perks. And timing your trip is another way to keep costs down, simply by traveling outside of peak seasons.

2. Travel credit cards are bad for your finances

Credit cards are only as dangerous as the person wielding them, so it's completely inaccurate to assume that the cards themselves are dangerous for your finances. When used correctly, travel rewards cards can actually be of huge benefit for travelers. They’re a great way to earn free bonuses just for doing your everyday spending, and savvy travelers use them to score everything from free flights to free hotel stays.

Rewards credit cards are most suitable for people who are already debt-free and able to pay off their balance each month. It's also important not to increase your spending in order to gather rewards, as this will rarely make financial sense.

3. Couchsurfing is unsafe

Couchsurfing sometimes gets a bad rap, and people tend to focus on the few horror stories that appear in the news. The reality is that most people have a fantastic experience when couchsurfing, and trouble with hosts or guests is extremely rare. Travel blogger Rachel Jones is a fan of couchsurfing, and has found that it gives her a more immersive local experience. She has even made long-lasting friendships through it. (See also: 13 Ways to Get Free Travel Accommodations)

There are precautionary steps you should take as a guest when looking for a couchsurfing opportunity that is right for you. First, read the host profiles carefully, particularly the reviews, as these will give you an insight into the person you'll be staying with. Second, always give a friend or family member the address you're heading to before you go, and arrange to check in with them throughout your stay. Finally, don't be afraid to walk away. If alarm bells ring in your head, listen to your instincts and leave.

4. Traveling with kids is a nightmare

Traveling with kids can be difficult, and it's certainly more complicated than traveling alone. But that doesn't mean that it should stop you from doing it. There are plenty of families successfully navigating the world with multiple kids in tow, and absolutely loving the experience.

Some destinations are more child-friendly than others, so it pays to do your research before choosing. It will also take a bit more planning to find suitable accommodations and ensure you have packed everything you need to make the trip enjoyable for everyone. But there are lots of useful resources filled with great information to help you out. (See also: How to Handle World Travel With Your Family)

5. Traveling solo is too dangerous for women

There's an entire genre of travel blogging that has grown out of the desire to crush the belief that solo travel is inherently dangerous for women. Not only is it outdated and sexist, but it's also incorrect. There are female solo travelers making their way to every corner of the globe, safely and expertly.

That's not to say that there aren't precautions that solo female travelers should take to keep themselves safe. But they're exactly the same ones that apply to any kind of solo traveler, regardless of gender. Stay alert, do your research, don’t tell strangers where you’re staying, do let close friends and family know where you’re going, and consider joining a tour group if you’re uncomfortable on your own. (See also: 6 Unexpected Benefits of Solo Travel)

6. You can't work overseas

While it's not as simple as packing up, boarding a flight, and finding a suitable position in your chosen country, it's not impossible to work overseas. For 18–30-year-olds, there are working holiday visas that the U.S. government has set up with New Zealand, Ireland, South Korea, Singapore, and Australia that allow you to work overseas for up to two years with relatively few restrictions.

If you don't qualify for one of those, then you can still work overseas as long as you have the correct visa. You should also be aware of U.S. tax regulations, meaning you'll likely still have to file returns. (See also: 5 Tax Myths That Can Be Costly for Expats)

7. You have to have enough money for your whole trip before you leave

If you're planning on traveling for a long period of time, it can be daunting to save up the exact amount of money you need to cover your whole journey. But the truth is, you don't have to. It's entirely possible to set off with a limited amount of cash and earn money as you make your way around the world.

There are countless ways to make money while you travel that are open to anyone, and if you have some skills that enable you to work remotely, then even better. From hospitality work to web design, there are lots of occupations you can do from anywhere in the world. Just make sure you've saved enough to get yourself started before hitting the road. (See also: 15 Ways to Make Money While You Travel)

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8 Travel Warnings You Shouldn't Ignore

Paul Michael — Fri, 18 May 2018 08:00:36 +0000

Whether you're traveling for a much-needed vacation, a business trip, or just want to see family and friends, you cannot presume that everything is going to go off without a hitch once you reach your destination. While some issues are unavoidable (the hotel room isn't ready, the rental car breaks down, someone gets sick), there are others that can be avoided if you pay close attention to travel advisories. These warnings are given days, or even weeks, in advance, and can save you time, money, and in extreme cases, can even mean life or death.

1. Extreme weather

Weather is one of the easiest vacation issues to predict. Advances in meteorological science mean that weather experts can predict major problems with a reliable degree of accuracy. That means hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, torrential rain, extreme heat, blizzards, and even dangerous hail are literally on the radar for meteorologists.

If they warn you of these weather conditions before you are set to travel anywhere, rethink your plans. Extreme weather shifts like this can ground planes, cause car crashes, wipe out roads and buildings, and lead to serious injury and death. Don't mess with mother nature; you'll lose. (See also: 7 Times Travel Insurance Is Worth It)

2. Civil unrest and political upheaval

Most of us are fortunate enough to live in a land of (relative) peace. It's easy to forget that in some parts of the world, citizens are in a fight for justice, and their lives, on a daily basis. If you are not up on the latest news from around the world, you could be in for a rude awakening when you get to your destination. For example, the U.S. government is currently advising you to reconsider travel to the Democratic Republic of Congo, Venezuela, and Sudan, among others, due primarily to crime and civil unrest in these regions.

If you must travel to these areas, perhaps for work or a family emergency, you should exercise extreme caution and take the necessary steps to stay safe when you arrive. Consider a local trusted guide or escort who can advise you on where to go and, more importantly, where to avoid. (See also: 5 of the Safest Countries to Visit in 2018)

3. Health and disease

While modern medicine safeguards us and helps us recover from all kinds of communicable diseases, you cannot take any risks when traveling abroad. That's why you should always check with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) before taking any kind of trip.

Current notices at the time of this writing include an outbreak of malaria and listeriosis in South Africa, and malaria and yellow fever in Brazil. And since June of 2017, over 2,000 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) have been identified in multiple countries in the Arabian Peninsula. You can get additional vaccines before you travel, or if you are really concerned, change your plans to a different location. (See also: 7 Ways to Avoid Getting Seriously Sick on Vacation)

4. Terrorism

Since September 11, 2001, terror attacks have increased substantially in some parts of the world. The State Department currently has Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Mali, North Korea, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria, and Yemen on the Do Not Travel list, primarily due to incidents of terrorism.

Many other countries get a Reconsider Travel notice for terrorism dangers, including Pakistan, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Lebanon. These terrorism warnings are constantly updated, so if you know you may be traveling to a part of the world that has been home to terrorist activity, check the list and consider your alternatives.

5. Crime and personal safety

While the two often go hand in hand, there are some distinctions to be made here. For example, many countries have a crime rate far in excess of anything you've experienced in the United States, and as such, you will not be prepared for the dangers without first researching the area. El Salvador, Burundi, Guatemala, Nigeria, and Mauritania are all flagged right now for problems with crime. Take the following precautions in places known to have a high crime rate:

Consider hotels that offer secure parking, doormen, and a dedicated and professional security staff.
Request security escorts, available for tourist groups.
Be aware of your surroundings.
Avoid walking or driving at night.
Do not physically resist any robbery attempt.
Do not use public ATMs.
Do not display signs of wealth, such as wearing expensive watches or jewelry.

While crime can certainly result in physical danger, there is another kind of personal safety issue you need to be aware of. It's known as "risk of arrest and detention," and happens in places that have a volatile relationship with the U.S. North Korea is a prime example, and if you do not have special validation from the Department of State to travel in, or through, North Korea, you may find yourself in deep trouble.

6. Airline issues

Perhaps one of the most obvious, but often overlooked, travel warnings come from the airlines themselves. When we think of a travel advisory, we think of weather issues, health and disease, crime, and civil unrest. But one surefire way that your vacation can come to a grinding halt is when the airline has an issue. Anything from a computer system going down, to problems with labor negotiations and strikes, or mechanical malfunctions and serious delays, can put a serious dent in your plans.

Every airline has its own alert page, so if you know which airline you plan on taking, check out that alert page regularly.

7. War

We live in turbulent political times. While some wars have been raging for decades, others could break out at the drop of a hat. If you're not following politics closely, you should take notice if the region you are traveling to is about to go to war (or is actually at war and you didn't even know it). The most infamous places right now are Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, Darfur, Myanmar, Nigeria, Libya, Sudan, Yemen, and the Central African Republic.

Other danger zones closer to home are some regions of Mexico. Since 2006, the Mexican drug war has had over 106,000 casualties, with almost 15,000 of those coming in 2017 alone. The Mexican states of Colima, Guerrero, Michoacán, Sinaloa, and Tamaulipas are all currently on the Do Not Travel list due to crime. (See also: 4 Affordable Destinations That Are Safer Than You Think)

8. Geological disasters

This is a broad term, because you could easily put extreme weather into this category. But in this instance, it's reserved for natural disasters. For example, when Iceland's volcano Eyjafjallajökull blew in 2010, massive clouds of ash made travel impossible for millions of people. An earthquake warning, or the threat of a volcanic eruption or a landslide, should be taken very seriously. If you're planning on traveling to a place known for these kinds of natural disasters, and there's evidence that you could be caught in something horrific, change your plans.

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This article is from Paul Michael of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

Do You Need Credit Monitoring to Protect Your Credit?

Holly Johnson — Tue, 15 May 2018 08:30:24 +0000

While the internet has improved our lives in numerous ways, technology has also made our personal information more vulnerable than ever. If data breaches from big stores like Target and Home Depot several years ago didn't convince you of this fact, the 2017 Equifax data breach, which may have released the sensitive data of up to 145 million consumers, probably helped you realize how much peril your personal information could be in.

If you've seen ads for credit monitoring services like LifeLock or Identity Guard, you may have wondered if signing up is worth it. You may have also heard about credit freezes and fraud alerts and wondered how those work. Before you take any steps to protect your credit and your identity, here's what you should know. (See also: Don't Panic. Do This Instead If Your Identity Gets Stolen)

The difference between credit monitoring, credit freezes, and fraud alerts

During the Equifax data breach, consumers' names, Social Security numbers, addresses, and, in some cases, credit card numbers were accessed by hackers. To control damages after the breach, Equifax created a special website where you could enter your information and find out if you were affected by the Equifax breach. It also began offering a year of free credit monitoring and other identity theft services to all U.S. consumers, whether their information was accessed during the data breach or not.

In addition to taking advantage of credit monitoring, Equifax and consumer advocates suggested consumers consider several other steps to protect their credit right away: freezing their credit reports and placing a fraud alert on their reports.

But what's the difference between these options? While each service has the same goal of protecting your identity and your credit, they all work differently and some may be better for some consumers than others.

Credit monitoring

Traditionally, credit monitoring is a service people pay for. With LifeLock, for example, you can pay a monthly fee to have the company continually check for fraud or threats to your financial accounts and credit reports. Other credit monitoring services work similarly, although they may offer different features.

Credit freeze

With a credit freeze, you usually pay up to $10 per credit reporting agency to make your credit report inaccessible to lenders, thereby making it impossible for hackers and scammers to open new accounts in your name. Note that you usually also pay a fee every time you want to unfreeze your credit. For now, credit freezes and unfreezes are free with Equifax.

Fraud alerts

If you don't want to freeze your credit completely, you can place three different types of fraud alerts on your credit report instead. Fraud alerts are free, and they require lenders to verify your identity before issuing new credit in your name. As the Federal Trade Commission notes, options include:

Initial fraud alert: This type of fraud alert is best for someone whose identity hasn't been stolen yet. It protects your credit from unverified access for up to 90 days.
Extended fraud alert: An extended fraud alert protects victims of identity theft for up to seven years.
Active duty military alert: This alert protects active duty service members from identity theft for up to one year while they are on deployment.

Should you pay for credit monitoring?

Whether you should pay for credit monitoring depends on your situation. Gerri Detweiler, education director for Nav, a company that makes tools for managing business credit, says that while there are more opportunities than ever to monitor your credit for free, there are times when paying for a more comprehensive service could be advantageous. "The monitoring on these platforms can be more robust," she says.

If you know that you will not take the time to monitor your credit accounts yourself, or you just want the peace of mind of knowing someone else is doing it for you, then paying for a subscription service may be worth it.

Freezing your credit report can also make sense, says Detweiler. But if you're doing it to prevent identity theft, you need to know the drawbacks. "It can be a hassle when you go to apply for credit, insurance, or even try to get a new cellphone," says Detweiler, mostly because you will have to unfreeze your credit report any time you want to apply for new credit. That can get costly.

Detweiler says she also worries that credit freezes create a false sense of security. While a freeze can prevent someone from opening new accounts in your name, it can't prevent hackers from using your existing accounts fraudulently or stealing your information.

As far as fraud alerts go, Detweiler chose this option when she was a victim of identity theft in 2017. While a credit freeze locks down your new credit, fraud alerts allow creditors to access your credit report as long as they are able to verify your identity. For this reason, fraud alerts may be a better option for someone who opens new credit regularly and still wants some protection against identity theft.

Other ways to keep your credit safe

If you are preparing for a crucial loan like a mortgage, new auto loan, or small business loan, for example, you want to make sure your credit is as solid as possible, says Detweiler. That's because lower credit scores may mean you won't get approved for the loan or you'll pay more in interest charges.

Plus, you'll want to keep your identity and personal information safe from hackers and scammers no matter what. If your identity is stolen, it can take months or even years to get the situation cleared up.

Detweiler says you should take advantage of the fact that you can get a free copy of your credit report from the three credit reporting agencies — Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion — once per year at AnnualCreditReport.com. By accessing your full credit report regularly, you can check for errors or fraudulent activity and report them immediately if you find them. (See also: How to Read a Credit Report)

There are also plenty of places where you can get a free credit score. Many credit card issuers give out free credit scores. Other free services such as Credit Karma give you an estimate of your credit score year-round and set up notifications to let you know when a new account is opened in your name.

Trevor Buxton, Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) and assistant vice president of fraud prevention at PNC Bank also suggests the following actions to keep your credit safe:

Keep a close eye on your bank accounts. "If you notice unauthorized activity on your account, immediately call the number on the back of your debit, ATM, or credit card, or stop by your local branch," says Buxton.
Sign up for alerts on your accounts. Many banks let you set up your credit and debit accounts so you're notified any time a purchase is made.
Spread your free credit reports over the course of a year. Since you can get a free report from the three credit reporting agencies once per year, Buxton suggests spreading those out by accessing one free report every four months.

Notify credit reporting agencies of any false reporting. If you find any errors on your credit report, notify the credit reporting agency in question and dispute the information right away. You can find out more about how to dispute errors on your credit report on the FTC website.

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This article is from Holly Johnson of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

How to Spot a Hotel Booking Scam

Holly Johnson — Fri, 11 May 2018 08:30:20 +0000

While families wishing to see the world once relied on travel agents for their glossy brochures and recommendations, the internet has ushered in a new wave of travel planning independence. These days, more and more people are using the web to research destinations, plan itineraries, and book their own hotels.

The freedom to research independently is a good thing, but there's also a problem: The American Hotel and Lodging Association (AHLA) reports that 55 million hotel booking scams are perpetrated against unsuspecting consumers each year.

The organization acknowledges that the internet has offered great conveniences in the travel space, but says hotel booking scams continue popping up all the time. Rogue third-party online booking sites imitate legitimate hotel websites, taking advantage of the huge volume of online travel searches. (See also: This Airbnb Scam Will Ruin Your Vacation — and Your Budget)

The anatomy of a hotel booking scam

According to the AHLA, many hotel booking scams are set up so consumers don't even know they've been tricked. Most of the time, it starts with a hotel scam website being created and promoted so that it shows up in internet search engines right alongside legitimate hotel websites and third-party booking sites.

"These rogue sites trick consumers by mirroring the look and feel of the actual hotel website — using copyrighted images, trademarked logos, and many times, even similar URLs — to take consumers for a ride," writes the AHLA in a report about online booking scams.

From there, the fraud committed can take on several different forms. The fraudulent website may steal the victim's money completely without making a hotel reservation on their behalf. Or it might charge the consumer an inflated rate that includes a giant commission the consumer shouldn't have to pay.

At the very least, you may miss out on hotel loyalty points or perks you thought you were going to receive if you believed you were making a reservation directly with a hotel.

How to avoid hotel booking scams

The AHLA has partnered with the Better Business Bureau (BBB) to raise awareness about hotel booking scams with the goal of protecting consumers. According to Beverly Baskin, CEO of the Council of Better Business Bureaus, certain types of consumers are especially at risk for these scams, including travelers ages 55 and up and members of the military. Baskin says that travel and vacation scams cost the average victim around $847.

If you're eager to ensure your travel plans aren't ruined by thieves, consider these tips from the BBB and the AHLA:

Book directly with the source

Before you book a hotel stay online, make sure you are booking on the hotel's website. While a lookalike hotel website may have the hotel's name in their URL, double check the website address to endure it's not a third-party website trying to steal a hotel's identity.

If you're booking with a large hotel chain, one way to do this is to visit the chain's website and make your reservation from there. If you're booking the Hilton Imperial Dubrovnik Hotel in Croatia, for example, go to Hilton.com and book your reservation on the main hotel website.

If you do an internet search for "Hilton Imperial Dubrovnik," you will see several lookalike sites like this one:

You should avoid these third-party imposters at all costs.

Use reputable third-party websites

It's OK to use third-party websites like Expedia, Travelocity, and Priceline. Legitimate hotel booking sites can save you money and headaches. But you should beware of thirty-party booking sites you have never heard of. The BBB says you should never trust a website just because it looks legitimate. Take the extra step to check the company out with BBB.org and read online reviews before you book.

Take advantage of hotel loyalty programs

If you're someone who likes staying with the big hotel chains (e.g. Hilton, Marriott, IHG Rewards, etc.), it makes sense to sign up for the related hotel loyalty program. These programs are free to join and they typically offer the lowest rates to loyalty members who book direct.

Not only will you have a secure loyalty account you can make your bookings through, but hotel loyalty programs let you earn points for free hotel stays, hotel room upgrades, and more. Some hotel credit cards also let you earn large sign-up bonuses for hotel rewards programs, which make it easier for you to rack up enough points for free rooms quickly. (See also: Best Credit Cards for Hotel Deals and Rewards)

Pay for your hotel with a credit card

Using a credit card is one of the most secure ways to make any online purchase, mostly because credit cards come with zero percent liability for fraudulent charges. If you find you are the victim of a travel scam or hotel booking scam where they kept your money without making a hotel reservation, you can ask for a "chargeback" on your account and get a refund. (See also: How to Win a Fraud Dispute With Your Credit Card Company)

Keep your eyes wide open

One of the best ways to avoid becoming the victim of a travel scam is to know what to look for. The BBB says you should avoid conducting internet searches for broad terms like "best travel deals" or "cheapest rates" since those type of searches tend to bring out the worst offenders among lookalike travel websites.

If something seems off, the BBB says you should call the hotel and ask plenty of questions.

Make sure you know the hotel's refund policy

The BBB says you should read all the fine print before you agree to a hotel charge being placed on your credit card. Will you need to pay upfront, for example? Or will your card be charged upon arrival? Is the hotel booking refundable if you need to cancel for any reason?

While some big hotel chains and legitimate third-party booking websites offer discounts for non-refundable fares, it's more common for hotels to use your credit card to secure the reservation but wait to charge the rate until your hotel stay is completed. Hotel cancellation policies vary by chain, however, so make sure you know the policy ahead of time.

Plan ahead

Last but not least, you may get the best price on your hotel stay and other travel arrangements if you book far in advance. Planning ahead will also give you time to compare options, research hotel booking websites, and lock in a good rate.

On the other hand, a last-minute, hasty search for a hotel may put you at greater risk for encountering a scam and losing money.

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This article is from Holly Johnson of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

4 Affordable Destinations That Are Safer Than You Think

Nick Wharton — Thu, 26 Apr 2018 08:30:15 +0000

There are countless corners of the world that are completely misunderstood and labeled as "unsafe," when the reality is far from that simple. Violence, wars, terrorism, and drugs can all destroy a country's image and leave lasting negative consequences for its tourism industry.

But if you're looking for a budget vacation that's a little out of the ordinary, then consider exploring countries that for one reason or another haven't always enjoyed the best of reputations. Here are four affordable destinations that are actually less dangerous than you might think. (See also: 5 of the Safest Countries to Visit in 2018)

*All cost estimates are taken from Numbeo.com, a trusted source of user contributed data for the cost of living in countries, and leading hotel site Booking.com.

Rwanda

Rwanda's recent history has been deeply shaped by the brutal civil war that was waged here in the early 1990s, and in so many ways it's still struggling to overcome the devastating aftermath. Up to a million people are estimated to have been killed during the unrest and the genocide that followed. Though this war ended over 20 years ago, for many it's still the first thing that springs to mind when Rwanda is mentioned, deterring some potential visitors.

Today, the landscape in Rwanda is very different, and though the scars remain, it's beginning to build a reputation as one of the continent's finest tourist destinations. It's now widely regarded as one of the safest and most politically stable countries in Africa. At the time of publishing, the U.S. State Department rates it as having the lowest possible travel advisory level, with no current security alerts.

Despite its diminutive size, it packs a punch far above its weight in terms of attractions. Known as "The Land of a Thousand Hills," its undulating terrain is home to some incredible scenery and rare animals. This includes the famous National Volcanoes Park where you'll find some of the world's last remaining mountain gorillas.

Rwanda is also rated as one of the most affordable countries to visit in the region. A meal at an inexpensive restaurant will set you back just $2.88, and a room in a budget hotel will start at around $30 depending on which area you're in.

Morocco

North Africa has developed a less than stellar reputation in recent years having been blighted by numerous acts of horrific terrorism. Morocco has also experienced terrorist-related incidents in the past, and it should be pointed out that the U.S. State Department says that "the potential for terrorist violence against U.S. interests and citizens exists."

However, the State Department’s travel advisory level for Morocco is currently at level 1, the lowest possible level, and there have not been any terrorist attacks in Morocco since 2011. It's widely considered one of the safest countries in the region and its continued high levels of tourism bear testament to this.

Exquisite architecture intricately decorated with tiled mosaics, bustling marketplaces full of vibrantly colored spices and fabrics, and swathes of sand dunes stretching out for miles on end are just some of the reasons to visit Morocco. The cuisine is also a huge draw, with richly spiced dishes mixing sweet and savory to mouth watering effect.

Thanks in part to the large numbers of tourists it receives, Morocco is one of the most reasonably priced countries in the region. Budget rooms are available starting at around $30 and a meal at an inexpensive restaurant will cost a little more than $3.

Colombia

The shadow cast by drug kingpins like the notorious Pablo Escobar still lingers over Colombia, and these associations have proved difficult for the South American country to eliminate. Potential visitors still sometimes fear accidentally getting caught up in the drug trade, being kidnapped by guerrilla fighters, and becoming the victim of organized gang violence. This hasn't been helped by the recent release of popular movies and TV series on the subject.

While these fears would have been well founded in the '80s and '90s, Colombia has worked hard to free itself from the clutches of organized crime. In the process, it's begun reinventing itself as a favored tourist destination for travelers wanting a taste of this previously unexplored South American country.

Colombia has an attractive mixture of cutting edge modernity and a diverse range of breathtaking, untouched landscapes. This is showcased in cities like Medellin, whose stunning scenery includes swathes of lush jungle and a Caribbean coastline filled with pristine beaches.

Colombia is also one of the most affordable countries in South America. That’s one reason it's currently enjoying a wave of popularity among young backpackers. Even in the bigger cities, budget rooms are available for less than $25 per night and a meal at an inexpensive restaurant will cost less than $4.

Jordan

The Middle East is widely regarded as a no-go zone by many people who view the entire region as dangerous. This opinion is fueled by the political instability and well-publicized conflicts that are still ongoing in countries like Syria, Iraq, and Palestine. Because of this, the Middle East in general is not considered your typical vacation destination, and there's a lot of fear around visiting.

The tiny country of Jordan, however, is trying its hardest to buck the trend and has become something of an "it" destination in recent years. Though there are safety warnings for the areas close to the borders it shares with some of its neighboring countries, it's stable politically and generally safe to visit.

The main reason that people come to Jordan is to visit the famous archaeological wonder and UNESCO World Heritage site, Petra. This ancient city is made up of buildings that were meticulously carved into the red sandstone rock face over 2,000 years ago, when it was the epicenter of a vast empire.

But that's not all there is to Jordan. Modern cities like Amman and exciting adventure activities available make it a diverse location. (See also: 11 Incredible UNESCO World Heritage Sites Right Here in the U.S.)

Budget hotel rooms come in at less than $30 in many areas, or for even less you can spend the night under the stars in a traditional Bedouin camp. An inexpensive meal will cost around $7.

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This article is from Nick Wharton of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread:

3 Ways Millennials Can Avoid Financial Fraud

Emily Guy Birken — Wed, 25 Apr 2018 08:30:10 +0000

We tend to think of financial fraud as a retiree problem. After all, older adults are more likely to be sitting on a large nest egg and are often resistant to getting financial help from others for fear of losing independence. Both of those traits make them tempting targets for scammers and con artists.

However, just because scammers traditionally like to hit up Nana and Poppy does not mean that young adults are shielded from the problem. In fact, according to a recently released Federal Trade Commission study, more adults aged 20–29 reported losing money to financial scams in 2017 than did any other age group. The study found that 40 percent of adults in their 20s lost money to fraud, as compared to only 18 percent of people over the age of 70 — although the median amount lost was lower among 20-somethings than among the elderly.

We've done a great job of helping to alert older adults to the dangers of financial fraud. Now we need to make sure everyone else also knows what they need to do to steer clear of scams. Here is what you need to know about protecting yourself from financial fraud.

The most common types of fraud

Of the types of fraud reported to the FTC, the three most common scams were debt collection (23 percent), identity theft (14 percent), and impostor scams wherein the scammer pretends to be either a government official, a loved one in trouble, or someone else the victim knows (13 percent).

Although debt collection was the issue most commonly reported to the FTC, impostor scams were the type of fraud that cost victims the most money. Consumers reportedly lost $328 million total in 2017 to this type of scam.

Each of these types of fraud requires a different protection strategy, and savvy consumers should use all of these approaches to make sure they are covered in case of any type of fraud.

1. Know your debt collection rights

Getting a phone call from a debt collector can be nerve-wracking for anyone, and debt collection scams rely on your natural fear of financial consequences. The best way to avoid becoming a victim of such a scam is to know your rights as a borrower. According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, any debt collector who contacts with a claim that you owe payment is required by law to tell you the following information:

The name of the creditor.
The amount you owe.
The fact that you can dispute the debt.
The fact that you can request the name and address of the original creditor if it is different from the current creditor.

If a debt collector doesn't provide this information when first contacting you, he or she is required to send you written notice that includes this information within five days of that initial contact.

It is a red flag if you receive a call from a debt collector who balks at providing you with this information. In addition, while debt collectors have the right to be persistent and can tell you the potential consequences of failing to pay your debt, intimidation tactics to get you to pay what they claim you owe are also a common scheme from con artists.

You also have the right to refuse to discuss any debt until you receive a written validation notice from the creditor, which must include the amount of the debt, the name of the creditor, and a description of your rights under the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act.

Asking for this notice will protect your rights with legitimate debt collectors and scare off any scam artists who are trying to make a buck off your fear. (See also: 5 Things Debt Collectors Don't Want You to Know)

2. Freeze your credit to protect yourself from identity theft

Identity theft is the 21st Century boogeyman, and for good reason. Our information is only as secure as the company that has collected it. No product or service can wholly protect you from the possibility of someone using your identity.

However, you can make it more difficult for hackers and scammers to get hold of your identity by freezing your credit. With this process, you pay a small fee to each credit reporting bureau (which has been waived by Equifax in the wake of their recent data breach), and no one, including you, can open new credit in your name until the freeze is lifted.

This is one of the most effective tools in fighting identity theft, since you take out the possibility of human error. The most common method identity thieves use to steal your information is by calling and asking you. Such a thief will pretend to be from your bank or another institution you trust and will request things like your Social Security number and birth date. Even if you fall victim to this kind of fishing scam, a credit freeze can ensure that the thief is unable to live large on your credit. (See also: 9 Signs Your Identity Was Stolen)

3. Ask for specifics to prevent impostors from getting your money

Impostor scams come in two common varieties: impostors pretending to call from the IRS or another government or official agency, and impostors pretending to be a loved one who is in trouble. In both cases, the impostor will play on your emotions — fear of an audit, fear for a loved one — to get you to wire money to their account.

In both cases, the more specific information you can ask for, the better your chance of scaring off the impostor. For instance, if you are contacted by someone claiming to be an IRS agent, you can request the caller's name, badge number, and callback number and say you will get back to him or her. Then, you can contact the U.S. Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) at 1-800-366-4484 to find out if your caller is an actual IRS employee who has a legitimate reason for contacting you. (See also: 5 Tax Scams You Should Know About for 2018)

You can use this same strategy for any caller who claims to be a representative from an institution or agency you deal with. If someone calls claiming to be from your bank, ask him or her for a name and callback number, and get in touch with your bank via their main phone number to determine if the issue is legitimate.

Similarly, the loved one impostor scam can be stopped in its tracks by asking the caller (or emailer) to verify certain information that only your relative would know. If you are still feeling unsure, ask for a callback number in this case, too, and contact another family member to find out if there is any possibility your cousin Emma is stuck in a hospital in London before you start wiring money. (See also: What to Do When You Suspect a Scam)

Keep their hands off your money

Scammers, con artists, and identity thieves all have your number. Every single one of us can be vulnerable to their tactics. But knowing your rights, taking your credit out of circulation, and asking for specific details can help you keep your information and your money secure.

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This article is from Emily Guy Birken of Wise Bread, an award-winning personal finance and credit card comparison website. Read more great articles from Wise Bread: